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RN Pediatrics NCLEX Quiz

Question 1 of 52

A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?

Select one answer.

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RN Pediatrics NCLEX Quiz Practice Questions

Review these RN Pediatrics NCLEX Quiz nursing practice questions with answer choices and explanations.

Question 1

A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?

  1. Obtaining throat culture
  2. Keeping child calm
  3. Preparing emergency airway equipment
  4. Positioning upright
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Obtaining throat culture

Explanation: Throat examination can cause airway obstruction.

Question 2

A nurse is assessing a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which finding requires immediate action?

  1. Blood glucose 250 mg/dL
  2. Kussmaul respirations
  3. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
  4. Urine ketones
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Kussmaul respirations

Explanation: Kussmaul respirations indicate severe acidosis.

Question 3

A nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. Which acid-base imbalance is expected?

  1. Metabolic acidosis
  2. Metabolic alkalosis
  3. Respiratory acidosis
  4. Respiratory alkalosis
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Metabolic alkalosis

Explanation: Persistent vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis.

Question 4

A nurse is assessing a child with increased ICP. Which finding is late sign?

  1. Headache
  2. Vomiting
  3. Bradycardia
  4. Irritability
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Bradycardia

Explanation: Bradycardia is a late sign of increased ICP.

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell crisis. Which action is priority?

  1. Administer oxygen
  2. Encourage ambulation
  3. Restrict fluids
  4. Give iron
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Administer oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen reduces sickling.

Question 6

A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which complication is priority?

  1. Infection
  2. Hypertension
  3. Polyuria
  4. Hyperactivity
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Infection

Explanation: Protein loss increases infection risk.

Question 7

A nurse is assessing a child with meningitis. Which is priority?

  1. Photophobia
  2. Nuchal rigidity
  3. Altered LOC
  4. Fever
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Altered LOC

Explanation: Altered LOC indicates worsening condition.

Question 8

A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which is priority treatment?

  1. Aspirin
  2. IVIG
  3. Antibiotics
  4. Steroids
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. IVIG

Explanation: IVIG prevents coronary artery complications.

Question 9

A nurse is assessing a child with asthma exacerbation. Which finding is most concerning?

  1. Wheezing
  2. Use of accessory muscles
  3. Coughing
  4. SpO2 95%
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Use of accessory muscles

Explanation: Accessory muscle use indicates respiratory distress.

Question 10

A nurse is caring for a child post-tonsillectomy. Which finding indicates hemorrhage?

  1. Frequent swallowing
  2. Low-grade fever
  3. Sore throat
  4. Ear pain
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Frequent swallowing

Explanation: Frequent swallowing suggests bleeding.

Question 11

A nurse is caring for a child with dehydration. Which is earliest sign?

  1. Hypotension
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Dry mucous membranes
  4. Sunken eyes
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Dry mucous membranes

Explanation: Dry mucous membranes appear early.

Question 12

A nurse is assessing a newborn. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

  1. Respiratory rate 30
  2. Grunting
  3. Acrocyanosis
  4. Molding
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Grunting

Explanation: Grunting indicates respiratory distress.

Question 13

A nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. Which lab value is critical?

  1. Platelets 50,000
  2. WBC 8,000
  3. Hgb 12
  4. Glucose 90
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Platelets 50,000

Explanation: Low platelets increase bleeding risk.

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a child with burns. Which formula is used for fluid resuscitation?

  1. Parkland formula
  2. APGAR
  3. Glasgow scale
  4. Braden scale
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Parkland formula

Explanation: Parkland formula guides fluid resuscitation.

Question 15

A nurse is assessing a child with appendicitis. Which finding indicates rupture?

  1. Sudden pain relief
  2. Fever
  3. Rebound tenderness
  4. Nausea
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Sudden pain relief

Explanation: Pain relief may indicate rupture.

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which finding indicates severe obstruction?

  1. Barking cough
  2. Stridor at rest
  3. Hoarseness
  4. Mild fever
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Stridor at rest

Explanation: Stridor at rest is severe.

Question 17

A nurse is assessing a child with tetralogy of Fallot. Which position improves oxygenation?

  1. Supine
  2. Knee-chest
  3. Trendelenburg
  4. Prone
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Knee-chest

Explanation: Knee-chest increases systemic resistance.

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a child with hemophilia. Which is priority?

  1. Avoid IM injections
  2. Encourage sports
  3. Limit fluids
  4. Give aspirin
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Avoid IM injections

Explanation: IM injections increase bleeding.

Question 19

A nurse is assessing a child with increased ICP. Which intervention is correct?

  1. Keep HOB elevated
  2. Give fluids rapidly
  3. Position prone
  4. Stimulate child
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Keep HOB elevated

Explanation: Elevating HOB reduces ICP.

Question 20

A nurse is caring for a child with DKA. Which lab indicates improvement?

  1. pH 7.35
  2. Glucose 200
  3. Ketones present
  4. K+ 5.0
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. pH 7.35

Explanation: Normal pH indicates correction of acidosis.

Question 21

A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?

  1. Obtaining throat culture
  2. Keeping child calm
  3. Preparing emergency airway equipment
  4. Positioning upright
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Obtaining throat culture

Explanation: Throat examination can cause airway obstruction.

Question 22

A nurse is assessing a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which finding requires immediate action?

  1. Blood glucose 250 mg/dL
  2. Kussmaul respirations
  3. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
  4. Urine ketones
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Kussmaul respirations

Explanation: Kussmaul respirations indicate severe acidosis.

Question 23

A nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. Which acid-base imbalance is expected?

  1. Metabolic acidosis
  2. Metabolic alkalosis
  3. Respiratory acidosis
  4. Respiratory alkalosis
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Metabolic alkalosis

Explanation: Persistent vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis.

Question 24

A nurse is assessing a child with increased ICP. Which finding is late sign?

  1. Headache
  2. Vomiting
  3. Bradycardia
  4. Irritability
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Bradycardia

Explanation: Bradycardia is a late sign of increased ICP.

Question 25

A nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell crisis. Which action is priority?

  1. Administer oxygen
  2. Encourage ambulation
  3. Restrict fluids
  4. Give iron
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Administer oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen reduces sickling.

Question 26

A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which complication is priority?

  1. Infection
  2. Hypertension
  3. Polyuria
  4. Hyperactivity
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Infection

Explanation: Protein loss increases infection risk.

Question 27

A nurse is assessing a child with meningitis. Which is priority?

  1. Photophobia
  2. Nuchal rigidity
  3. Altered LOC
  4. Fever
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Altered LOC

Explanation: Altered LOC indicates worsening condition.

Question 28

A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which is priority treatment?

  1. Aspirin
  2. IVIG
  3. Antibiotics
  4. Steroids
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. IVIG

Explanation: IVIG prevents coronary artery complications.

Question 29

A nurse is assessing a child with asthma exacerbation. Which finding is most concerning?

  1. Wheezing
  2. Use of accessory muscles
  3. Coughing
  4. SpO2 95%
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Use of accessory muscles

Explanation: Accessory muscle use indicates respiratory distress.

Question 30

A nurse is caring for a child post-tonsillectomy. Which finding indicates hemorrhage?

  1. Frequent swallowing
  2. Low-grade fever
  3. Sore throat
  4. Ear pain
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Frequent swallowing

Explanation: Frequent swallowing suggests bleeding.

Question 31

A nurse is caring for a child with dehydration. Which is earliest sign?

  1. Hypotension
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Dry mucous membranes
  4. Sunken eyes
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Dry mucous membranes

Explanation: Dry mucous membranes appear early.

Question 32

A nurse is assessing a newborn. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

  1. Respiratory rate 30
  2. Grunting
  3. Acrocyanosis
  4. Molding
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Grunting

Explanation: Grunting indicates respiratory distress.

Question 33

A nurse is caring for a child with leukemia. Which lab value is critical?

  1. Platelets 50,000
  2. WBC 8,000
  3. Hgb 12
  4. Glucose 90
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Platelets 50,000

Explanation: Low platelets increase bleeding risk.

Question 34

A nurse is caring for a child with burns. Which formula is used for fluid resuscitation?

  1. Parkland formula
  2. APGAR
  3. Glasgow scale
  4. Braden scale
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Parkland formula

Explanation: Parkland formula guides fluid resuscitation.

Question 35

A nurse is assessing a child with appendicitis. Which finding indicates rupture?

  1. Sudden pain relief
  2. Fever
  3. Rebound tenderness
  4. Nausea
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Sudden pain relief

Explanation: Pain relief may indicate rupture.

Question 36

A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which finding indicates severe obstruction?

  1. Barking cough
  2. Stridor at rest
  3. Hoarseness
  4. Mild fever
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Stridor at rest

Explanation: Stridor at rest is severe.

Question 37

A nurse is assessing a child with tetralogy of Fallot. Which position improves oxygenation?

  1. Supine
  2. Knee-chest
  3. Trendelenburg
  4. Prone
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Knee-chest

Explanation: Knee-chest increases systemic resistance.

Question 38

A nurse is caring for a child with hemophilia. Which is priority?

  1. Avoid IM injections
  2. Encourage sports
  3. Limit fluids
  4. Give aspirin
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Avoid IM injections

Explanation: IM injections increase bleeding.

Question 39

A nurse is assessing a child with increased ICP. Which intervention is correct?

  1. Keep HOB elevated
  2. Give fluids rapidly
  3. Position prone
  4. Stimulate child
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Keep HOB elevated

Explanation: Elevating HOB reduces ICP.

Question 40

A nurse is caring for a child with DKA. Which lab indicates improvement?

  1. pH 7.35
  2. Glucose 200
  3. Ketones present
  4. K+ 5.0
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. pH 7.35

Explanation: Normal pH indicates correction of acidosis.

Question 41

A nurse is caring for a child with suspected epiglottitis. Which action should the nurse avoid?

  1. Obtaining throat culture
  2. Keeping child calm
  3. Preparing emergency airway equipment
  4. Positioning upright
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Obtaining throat culture

Explanation: Throat examination can cause airway obstruction.

Question 42

A nurse is assessing a child with diabetic ketoacidosis. Which finding requires immediate action?

  1. Blood glucose 250 mg/dL
  2. Kussmaul respirations
  3. Potassium 4.5 mEq/L
  4. Urine ketones
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Kussmaul respirations

Explanation: Kussmaul respirations indicate severe acidosis.

Question 43

A nurse is caring for an infant with pyloric stenosis. Which acid-base imbalance is expected?

  1. Metabolic acidosis
  2. Metabolic alkalosis
  3. Respiratory acidosis
  4. Respiratory alkalosis
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Metabolic alkalosis

Explanation: Persistent vomiting leads to metabolic alkalosis.

Question 44

A nurse is assessing a child with increased ICP. Which finding is late sign?

  1. Headache
  2. Vomiting
  3. Bradycardia
  4. Irritability
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Bradycardia

Explanation: Bradycardia is a late sign of increased ICP.

Question 45

A nurse is caring for a child with sickle cell crisis. Which action is priority?

  1. Administer oxygen
  2. Encourage ambulation
  3. Restrict fluids
  4. Give iron
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Administer oxygen

Explanation: Oxygen reduces sickling.

Question 46

A nurse is caring for a child with nephrotic syndrome. Which complication is priority?

  1. Infection
  2. Hypertension
  3. Polyuria
  4. Hyperactivity
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Infection

Explanation: Protein loss increases infection risk.

Question 47

A nurse is assessing a child with meningitis. Which is priority?

  1. Photophobia
  2. Nuchal rigidity
  3. Altered LOC
  4. Fever
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Altered LOC

Explanation: Altered LOC indicates worsening condition.

Question 48

A nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease. Which is priority treatment?

  1. Aspirin
  2. IVIG
  3. Antibiotics
  4. Steroids
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. IVIG

Explanation: IVIG prevents coronary artery complications.

Question 49

A nurse is assessing a child with asthma exacerbation. Which finding is most concerning?

  1. Wheezing
  2. Use of accessory muscles
  3. Coughing
  4. SpO2 95%
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Use of accessory muscles

Explanation: Accessory muscle use indicates respiratory distress.

Question 50

A nurse is caring for a child post-tonsillectomy. Which finding indicates hemorrhage?

  1. Frequent swallowing
  2. Low-grade fever
  3. Sore throat
  4. Ear pain
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Frequent swallowing

Explanation: Frequent swallowing suggests bleeding.

Question 51

A nurse is caring for a child with dehydration. Which is earliest sign?

  1. Hypotension
  2. Tachycardia
  3. Dry mucous membranes
  4. Sunken eyes
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Dry mucous membranes

Explanation: Dry mucous membranes appear early.

Question 52

A nurse is assessing a newborn. Which finding requires immediate intervention?

  1. Respiratory rate 30
  2. Grunting
  3. Acrocyanosis
  4. Molding
View answer and explanation

Correct answer:

  1. Grunting

Explanation: Grunting indicates respiratory distress.