Review these Prenatal, Labor, Postpartum, and Newborn Care – Quiz 3 nursing practice questions with answer choices and explanations.
Which prenatal screening test is used to detect neural tube defects in a fetus?
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Explanation: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein testing helps identify neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
Which sign during pregnancy should be reported immediately to a healthcare provider?
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Explanation: Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy can indicate miscarriage, placenta previa, or other complications and must be reported immediately.
Which test evaluates fetal heart rate response to fetal movement?
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Explanation: A nonstress test measures fetal heart rate accelerations in response to fetal movement to assess fetal well-being.
Which hormone is responsible for breast enlargement during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Estrogen stimulates growth of breast ducts and contributes to breast enlargement during pregnancy.
Which maternal position improves blood flow to the uterus during pregnancy?
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Explanation: The left lateral position prevents compression of the inferior vena cava and improves uteroplacental blood flow.
Which term describes the softening of the cervix during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Goodell sign refers to softening of the cervix during early pregnancy.
Which condition occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervical opening?
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Explanation: Placenta previa occurs when the placenta implants over or near the cervical opening.
Which complication is characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Preeclampsia involves high blood pressure and protein in the urine after 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Which stage of labor involves cervical dilation from 0 to 10 cm?
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Explanation: The first stage of labor involves cervical dilation and effacement.
Which stage of labor begins with full cervical dilation and ends with delivery of the baby?
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Explanation: The second stage of labor involves pushing and delivery of the infant.
Which stage of labor involves delivery of the placenta?
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Explanation: The third stage of labor is the delivery of the placenta.
Which postpartum complication involves excessive bleeding after childbirth?
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Explanation: Postpartum hemorrhage is excessive bleeding following delivery and requires immediate intervention.
Which term describes the normal vaginal discharge after childbirth?
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Explanation: Lochia is the normal postpartum vaginal discharge consisting of blood, mucus, and uterine tissue.
Which early breast milk provides antibodies to newborns?
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Explanation: Colostrum is the first milk produced after birth and contains high levels of antibodies.
Which score assesses a newborn's condition immediately after birth?
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Explanation: The Apgar score evaluates newborn heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, reflex response, and color.
The Apgar score is typically assessed at which times after birth?
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Explanation: The Apgar score is assessed at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth.
Which newborn reflex causes the infant to turn the head toward a stimulus on the cheek?
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Explanation: The rooting reflex helps the newborn find the nipple for feeding.
Which newborn reflex involves extension of arms followed by flexion when startled?
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Explanation: The Moro reflex occurs when a newborn is startled and throws out the arms then pulls them back.
Which condition occurs when maternal and fetal blood types are incompatible?
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Explanation: Rh incompatibility occurs when an Rh-negative mother carries an Rh-positive fetus.
Which medication prevents Rh sensitization in Rh-negative mothers?
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Explanation: Rho(D) immune globulin prevents Rh-negative mothers from developing antibodies against Rh-positive blood.
Which condition is characterized by high blood sugar during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Gestational diabetes occurs when glucose intolerance develops during pregnancy.
Which fetal position is most common during childbirth?
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Explanation: Occiput anterior is the most favorable and common fetal position for delivery.
Which fetal presentation occurs when the buttocks enter the birth canal first?
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Explanation: A breech presentation occurs when the fetus's buttocks or feet present first.
Which newborn condition causes yellow discoloration of the skin?
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Explanation: Newborn jaundice occurs when bilirubin levels are elevated.
Which vitamin is routinely given to newborns to prevent bleeding?
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Explanation: Vitamin K is given at birth to prevent bleeding disorders due to immature liver function.
Which newborn reflex involves fanning of toes when the sole is stroked?
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Explanation: The Babinski reflex occurs when the toes fan outward after the sole is stroked.
Which postpartum hormone stimulates uterine contraction to reduce bleeding?
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Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions after delivery to reduce bleeding.
Which newborn reflex allows the infant to grasp a finger placed in the palm?
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Explanation: The palmar grasp reflex causes infants to grasp objects placed in their palms.
Which condition involves severe nausea and vomiting during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Hyperemesis gravidarum is excessive nausea and vomiting that can lead to dehydration.
Which maternal nutrient requirement increases significantly during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Iron requirements increase during pregnancy to support increased blood volume and fetal growth.
Which newborn reflex involves stepping movements when held upright?
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Explanation: The stepping reflex causes newborns to make walking movements when held upright.
Which postpartum infection affects breast tissue in breastfeeding mothers?
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Explanation: Mastitis is an infection of breast tissue that can occur during breastfeeding.