Review these Comprehensive Maternal and Newborn Nursing Review nursing practice questions with answer choices and explanations.
Which structure produces ova in the female reproductive system?
Correct answer:
Explanation: The ovaries produce ova and secrete the hormones estrogen and progesterone.
Which hormone surge triggers ovulation during the menstrual cycle?
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Explanation: A surge in luteinizing hormone (LH) triggers release of the ovum from the ovary.
Which structure is the most common site of fertilization?
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Explanation: Fertilization typically occurs in the ampulla of the fallopian tube.
Which prenatal vitamin is essential to prevent neural tube defects?
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Explanation: Folic acid helps prevent neural tube defects such as spina bifida.
Which test is commonly used to screen for gestational diabetes?
Correct answer:
Explanation: The glucose tolerance test measures blood glucose levels after ingestion of glucose solution.
Which sign is considered a presumptive sign of pregnancy?
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Explanation: Amenorrhea is a presumptive sign of pregnancy reported by the mother.
Which fetal heart rate range is considered normal?
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Explanation: Normal fetal heart rate is between 110 and 160 beats per minute.
Which fetal monitoring finding indicates umbilical cord compression?
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Explanation: Variable decelerations are caused by umbilical cord compression.
Which stage of labor begins with cervical dilation and ends with full dilation?
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Explanation: The first stage of labor involves cervical dilation from 0 to 10 cm.
Which stage of labor involves delivery of the placenta?
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Explanation: The third stage of labor begins after the baby is delivered and ends with placental delivery.
Which complication involves premature separation of the placenta?
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Explanation: Placental abruption occurs when the placenta detaches before delivery.
Which condition occurs when the placenta covers the cervical opening?
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Explanation: Placenta previa occurs when the placenta partially or completely covers the cervix.
Which medication is commonly used to induce labor?
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Explanation: Oxytocin stimulates uterine contractions and is used to induce labor.
Which emergency occurs when the umbilical cord slips ahead of the fetus during delivery?
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Explanation: Cord prolapse can compress blood flow to the fetus and requires emergency management.
Which maneuver is used to relieve shoulder dystocia?
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Explanation: The McRoberts maneuver widens the pelvis to relieve shoulder dystocia.
Which hormone stimulates milk production after childbirth?
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Explanation: Prolactin stimulates production of breast milk.
Which hormone stimulates milk ejection during breastfeeding?
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Explanation: Oxytocin triggers the milk let-down reflex.
Which postpartum complication involves infection of breast tissue?
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Explanation: Mastitis is infection of breast tissue in breastfeeding mothers.
Which score assesses a newborn immediately after birth?
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Explanation: The Apgar score assesses heart rate, breathing, muscle tone, reflexes, and color.
Which newborn reflex helps infants locate the breast for feeding?
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Explanation: The rooting reflex helps infants turn toward the nipple for feeding.
Which newborn condition causes yellow discoloration of the skin?
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Explanation: Newborn jaundice occurs when bilirubin accumulates in the blood.
Which treatment is commonly used for neonatal jaundice?
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Explanation: Phototherapy helps break down bilirubin in newborn blood.
Which infection can be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Rubella infection during pregnancy can cause congenital defects.
Which condition involves high blood pressure during pregnancy?
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Explanation: Preeclampsia involves hypertension and proteinuria during pregnancy.
Which neonatal respiratory disorder occurs due to lack of surfactant?
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Explanation: Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in premature infants with insufficient surfactant.
Which feeding method is used for premature infants unable to suck effectively?
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Explanation: Gavage feeding delivers milk through a tube into the infant's stomach.
Which neonatal screening test detects metabolic disorders such as PKU?
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Explanation: The heel prick blood test screens newborns for metabolic disorders.
Which condition occurs when a fetus grows too large?
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Explanation: Macrosomia refers to excessive fetal growth, often linked to gestational diabetes.
Which complication occurs when the uterus fails to contract after delivery?
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Explanation: Uterine atony is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.