Review these Advanced Obstetric Assessment and Neonatal Care nursing practice questions with answer choices and explanations.
How often are prenatal visits typically scheduled during weeks 28 to 36 of pregnancy?
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Explanation: Prenatal visits usually occur every 4 weeks until week 28, every 2 weeks until week 36, and weekly thereafter.
Fundal height measurement helps assess which aspect of pregnancy?
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Explanation: Fundal height is measured from the symphysis pubis to the uterine fundus to estimate fetal growth and gestational age.
The first perception of fetal movement by the mother is called:
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Explanation: Quickening refers to the first fetal movements felt by the mother, usually around 16–20 weeks.
Which assessment technique is used to determine fetal position by palpating the abdomen?
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Explanation: Leopold maneuvers involve abdominal palpation to determine fetal lie, presentation, and position.
Which fetal lie describes the fetus positioned parallel to the mother's spine?
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Explanation: In a longitudinal lie, the fetus's spine is parallel to the mother's spine.
Which fetal presentation occurs when the head enters the birth canal first?
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Explanation: Cephalic presentation occurs when the fetal head presents first in the birth canal.
Which medication is used to prevent seizures in severe preeclampsia?
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Explanation: Magnesium sulfate is administered to prevent seizures in patients with severe preeclampsia.
HELLP syndrome is characterized by which combination?
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Explanation: HELLP syndrome is a severe form of preeclampsia involving hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count.
Which medication is commonly used to stop premature labor contractions?
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Explanation: Tocolytic medications are used to suppress premature uterine contractions.
Which lung medication may be given to mothers at risk for preterm birth to improve fetal lung maturity?
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Explanation: Corticosteroids such as betamethasone accelerate fetal lung maturity in preterm birth risk.
Which procedure involves surgically delivering the baby through the abdominal wall and uterus?
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Explanation: A cesarean section is a surgical delivery performed through abdominal and uterine incisions.
Which postpartum process refers to the uterus returning to its pre-pregnancy size?
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Explanation: Uterine involution is the gradual shrinking of the uterus after childbirth.
Which hormone stimulates milk ejection during breastfeeding?
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Explanation: Oxytocin triggers the let-down reflex that releases milk from the mammary glands.
Which breastfeeding complication causes cracked or painful nipples?
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Explanation: Improper latch during breastfeeding can cause nipple trauma and pain.
Which condition occurs when a newborn's blood glucose level drops too low?
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Explanation: Neonatal hypoglycemia occurs when newborn blood sugar levels fall below normal.
Which newborn breathing disorder is caused by immature lungs in premature infants?
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Explanation: Respiratory distress syndrome results from insufficient surfactant in premature infants.
Which mechanism causes heat loss when a newborn is exposed to cold surfaces?
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Explanation: Conduction occurs when heat is lost through direct contact with cooler surfaces.
Which heat loss mechanism occurs when moisture evaporates from a newborn's skin?
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Explanation: Evaporation occurs when body heat is lost as moisture on the skin evaporates.
Which heat loss occurs when a newborn loses heat to cooler surrounding air?
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Explanation: Convection occurs when heat is carried away by cooler air currents.
Which newborn reflex involves stepping movements when held upright?
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Explanation: The stepping reflex causes newborns to make walking-like movements when held upright.
Which newborn reflex involves closing the hand around an object placed in the palm?
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Explanation: The palmar grasp reflex occurs when infants grasp objects placed in their hands.
Which newborn skin finding consists of small white bumps on the face?
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Explanation: Milia are harmless white bumps commonly seen on newborns' faces.
Which newborn infection is commonly transmitted during birth from the mother?
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Explanation: Group B streptococcus can be transmitted during delivery and cause neonatal infection.
Which prenatal test screens for gestational diabetes?
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Explanation: The glucose tolerance test evaluates maternal blood sugar levels during pregnancy.
Which fetal assessment combines ultrasound with a nonstress test?
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Explanation: A biophysical profile assesses fetal well-being using ultrasound and heart rate monitoring.
Which term describes the thinning of the cervix before birth?
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Explanation: Effacement refers to thinning of the cervix as labor approaches.
Which term refers to the opening of the cervix during labor?
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Explanation: Cervical dilation refers to the widening of the cervix during labor.
Which term describes the fetal head descending into the maternal pelvis?
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Explanation: Engagement occurs when the fetal presenting part enters the pelvic inlet.
Which fetal station indicates the head is level with the ischial spines?
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Explanation: Station 0 indicates the fetal head is aligned with the maternal ischial spines.